Every month, the ovaries produce hormones that stimulate the cells in the lining of the uterus to multiply, becoming thicker and prepared to receive a fertilized egg. If these cells, called endometrial cells, start to grow outside the uterus (usually in the ovaries, intestine, rectum, bladder and lining of the pelvis), endometriosis occurs.
Endometriosis can occur when there is retrograde menstruation, where the menstrual blood, instead of being eliminated, returns through the tubes and the pelvic cavity; when the immune system is deficient; when the cells lining the intestine are converted into endometrial tissue and, during surgery (such as hysterectomy), the endometrial cells attach to the surgical incisions, being carried by the lymphatic system to other regions of the body.
The main symptoms of endometriosis are: pain during the menstrual period; pain during sexual intercourse; cramps that can occur one to two weeks before menstruation; bleeding during menstruation; pain when urinating and evacuating; infertility; fatigue; diarrhea and nausea.
When you notice these symptoms, see a gynecologist.
To prevent this disease, your diet should be rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, lean meats and fish.
Studies prove that B vitamins are essential for the proper functioning of hormone-producing glands. Therefore, consume foods such as meat, eggs, dark green leafy vegetables and cereals (preferably whole grain), which are excellent sources of these vitamins.
Consuming foods rich in vitamin C, such as citrus fruits, and foods rich in omega-6, such as linseed oil and cod liver oil, are powerful anti-inflammatories and have analgesic properties, which minimize the pain and discomfort caused by endometriosis.